Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Also known as major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it affects the way you feel, think and behave, and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. You may not be able to carry out your normal daily activities and you may sometimes feel like life is not worth living. More than the blues, depression is not a weakness that you can not simply “capture”. Depression may require long-term treatment. But don't be discouraged. Most people with depression feel better with medication, psychotherapy, or both.

Symptoms

Although depression only happens once in your life, people often have several episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur most of the day, almost every day, and may include:

* Feelings of sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness.

* Fits of anger, irritability or frustration, even about small things.

* Unconsciousness of most or Interest or pleasure in all normal activities, such as sex, hobbies, or

Sports

* Sleep disturbances, including insomnia or excessive sleep.

* Fatigue and lack of energy, so even small tasks require extra effort.

* Decreased appetite and weight loss or increased food cravings and weight gain.

* Anxiety, restlessness or restlessness.

* Delay in thinking, speech or body movements.

* Feelings of worthlessness or guilt, attachment to past failures or self-blame.

* Difficulty thinking, concentrating.

* Frequent or recurring episodes of death, p suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts or suicide.

* Unexplained physical problems such as back pain or headaches from work, school, social activities.

Or Relationships with Others.

Unfortunately, depression in older people often goes undiagnosed and untreated, and they may be reluctant to seek help. Symptoms of depression in older people may be different or less obvious, such as:

* Memory problems or personality changes.

* Aches or pains.

* Fatigue, loss of appetite, trouble sleeping or loss of interest for sex - not treated with a medical condition or medication.

* Often wanting to stay home instead of going out socially or doing new things.

* Having suicidal thoughts or feelings, especially in older men.

Cause

The exact cause of depression is not known. As with many mental disorders, a variety of factors may be involved, such as:

* Biological differences. There seem to be physiological changes in the brains of people with depression. The significance of these changes remains unclear, but could possibly help determine why.

*Brain Chemistry. Neurotransmitters are natural brain chemicals that may play a role in depression.

Recent research suggests that changes in the function and role of these neurotransmitters, and how they interact with neural circuits involved in maintaining mood stability, may play an important role in depression and its treatment. .

* Hormones. Changes in hormonal balance in the body can be linked to the cause or trigger of depression.

 Hormonal changes can be caused by pregnancy and the weeks or months after giving birth (postpartum), as well as thyroid problems, menopause, or many other conditions.

* Inherited property. Depression is more common in people whose blood relatives also have the disease. Researchers are trying to find genes that might be involved in causing depression.

Risk Factors

Depression usually begins in the teens, twenties or thirties, but it can occur at any age.

* Take steps to manage stress, build resilience, and boost your self-esteem.

* Connects family and friends, especially in times of crisis, to help you through.

* Get treatment at the first signs of trouble to help prevent depression from getting worse.

* Consider long-term maintenance therapy to help prevent recurrence of symptoms.

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